Markthal Rotterdam And Port City Urban Design - 1749 Words

Markthal Rotterdam and Port City Urban Design Rotterdam is known as the Netherlands number one city for architecture (Groenendijk, 2015, p. 114). It is easy to see why when one considers the overwhelming number of iconic buildings in the city, and how those individual buildings, while creating a cohesive city, have managed to and continue to transform Rotterdam. Markthal Rotterdam, one of the iconic buildings, is an award winning combination of open-air market, department store, shopping centre and residential building. It won the 2016 Rotterdam Architecture Award and the German Council of Shopping Centres award for European Innovation (Rotterdamer architekturpreis fà ¼r die Markthal, 2016, 126). Markthal Rotterdam was designed by†¦show more content†¦8). The idea of completely reconstructing the historical city centre to its previous splendor was discarded by van Traa and a new spatial layout designed to separate functions and accommodate traffic was developed (Groenendij k, 2015, p. 8). Nonetheless, the fire line of the German bombing is still visible due to the difference between the old, nineteenth-century buildings and the new, post-war construction (Groenendijk, 2015, p. 18). The Basic Plan for Reconstruction implemented an efficient traffic plan on an orthogonal grid and the separation of functions was influenced by modernist urban planning ides. However, the Basic Plan only governed urban planning in Rotterdam until the 1970s when criticism of the emptiness, lack of housing, and lack of warmth was overwhelming (Groenendijk, 2015, p. 19). For example, in the book De binnenstadsbeleving en Rotterdam (The Inner City Experience and Rotterdam), R. Wenholt criticized the reconstruction of Rotterdam in the late 1960s stating that the inner city failed at providing a vibrant, varied, convivial, pleasant, intimate city (Meyer, 1999, p.328). The Markthal Rotterdam addresses the criticism of the Basic Plan, although the outdated Basic Plan didn t directl y influence its design, by creating a vibrant welcoming public square

The Road From Versailles Louis Xvi, And The Fall Of The...

Author- Munro Price Title- The road from Versailles: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the fall of the French Monarchy Citation- Price, Munro. The Road from Versailles: Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, and the Fall of the French Monarchy. New York: St. Martin s Press, 2003. Author’s Identity- Modern European Historian at the University of Bradford Date and Place of Document: France, 1792 Intended Purpose: Follow Louis XVI on his escape to Versailles and the monarchy he left behind. Intended Audience- Students and Historians Brief Summary- Dr. Munro Price, Modern European Historian at the University of Bradford, wanted to find out the truth of what the true actions and feelings of the King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette were in those years before the collapse. After being dragged back to Paris from Versailles, they were then held prisoner in the capital. Concerned for their own safety, the King and Queen forced to agree with the revolution and its agenda. However, in secret, they both began devising a strategy and took the utmost precautions to hide their real policy. The Road from Versailles reconstructs much of what had been speculated until now as to the King and Queen’s clandestine diplomacy from 1789 until their executions. Dr. Price focuses on a small portion of history that has generally been unknown to the public, but could hold the key to the final days of the Old Regime and the mindset of the King. This book could give insight into the economic and social statusShow MoreRelatedThe French Revolution Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesThe French Revolution Why was there a French Revolution? This is a question of continual interests not only to professors and philosophers, but to everybody who takes an interests in the history of the world. Genuinely, therefore, it is also a subject of much contention. The statement citing the fundamental cause of the French Revolution as the collision between a powerful rising Bourgeoisie and an ingrained aristocracy, defending its privileges it had for centuries, has great relevanceRead MoreToward the Terror1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe French Revolution began in 1789 aiming to transform France into a more liberal, equal society ruled by a constitutional monarchy. Yet by 1793 it had generated something else entirely— a system of repression and violence referred to as the Terror. While some insist that the Revolution’s culmination at this point was inevitable, others assert that key events between 1789 and 1793 set the Revolution on this particular trajectory. Siding with the latter, I argue that King Louis XVI’s attempted flightRead MoreEssay on The French Revolution2121 Words   |  9 Pagesthe French Revolution, France was ruled and governed by the king, his Grand Council of ministers, and 13 courts called parliaments. King Louis XVI ruled by â€Å"divine right,† believing that he had been put on the throne by the grace of God. France then was one of the most powerful and wealt hiest countries, and had a strong army, and even stronger cultural influence. (Plain, 5) Louis XVI and his wife Marie-Antoinette were shielded from the daily lives of the ordinary people in France. When Louis XVIRead MoreThe Rise and Rule of Single-Party States7795 Words   |  32 PagesMussolini Mussolini was born into a socialist house. He remained a socialist until he returned from WW1 with a new perspective. He then started the fascist party. He and his fascist black shirt marched on Rome and claimed to have forced the government to allow Mussolini to be prime minister. Yet, the truth is the president of Italy feared Mussolini and gave him the position of minister without conflict. From this point, Mussolini gained support until he became leader of Italy. Paragraph: Italian EconomicRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesdilemmas. The book engages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ sound scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele

Do Rules Contribute to a persons happiness Free Essays

Do Rules Contribute to a Persons Happiness? Rules and regulations. The two words which every child and even many adults hate to hear. When thinking of ‘rules’ we think of something which stands in the way of our doing something we may want to. We will write a custom essay sample on Do Rules Contribute to a persons happiness or any similar topic only for you Order Now We immediately curse the rule, not thinking in what way it may be helping us. We fervently wish that it never existed, without really being able to comprehend what the world would be like without that rule. What we, as humans, fail to understand, is that rules are made primarily to help us. We may find them annoying, aggravating, and even completely pointless, but they generally help us feel safe and so, happy. Think of everything in our day to day life which we take for granted. Driving in a car, we expect people to stop for us at some point when at an intersection, that’s because someone made traffic lights. Speed limits are another important rule which many people find extremely annoying. Think about this, f there were no road regulations, would you feel comfortable driving? To all the people who see driving as the ultimate freedom, would you feel the same way if you were in constant fear of being killed? Of course not! The same goes for rules against murder, thievery, drugs, sexual abuse, the list never ends. It is because of all these rules that we are free to feel comfortable and happy in our lives. All the rules so far have been rules on an international scale, but even If we look at rules in our own souses they serve the same purpose. Personally, I would always get annoyed when my parents didn’t let me have as much ‘Junk food’ as I wanted. I would through tantrums and say that ‘now is the best time for me to eat Junk, while I’m still young! ‘ Now, when I think about It, I am extremely glad that my parents controlled me. If I had eaten too much, I could have had severe health Issues, which would have stopped me from doing so many things which I love doing today, Like playing sports, eating out and Just generally enjoying life. Today I am thankful for the rules set down by my parents, because they are a major reason for my happiness. Overall, I truly believe that rules and regulations are extremely Important to a persons happiness. They may not all help you out (though more often than not you may not see how they are helping you), but without them your life would not be nearly as enjoyable as It Is. As Sheldon Cooper (from The Big Bang Theory) says, Without rules, our entire world would descend Into Anarchy, and who wants that! How to cite Do Rules Contribute to a persons happiness, Papers